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'Not Hate Speech By Any Stretch': Supreme Court Quashes FIR Against Journalist Patricia Mukhim

The Wire Staff
Mar 25, 2021
She was booked last year in July after she had appealed for justice through a Facebook post for non-tribal boys who were attacked on a basketball court in Meghalaya.

New Delhi: The Supreme Court on Thursday quashed a criminal case registered against Patricia Mukhim, editor of Shillong Times, in connection with her post on Facebook last year in July where she had decried the violence against non-tribals in Meghalaya.

The court said that what Mukhim wrote “cannot. by any stretch of imagination be considered ‘hate speech'” and that the charge that she meant to “incite communal tension and might instigate a communal conflict in the entire State is only a figment of imagination.”

Justices L. Nageswara Rao and Ravindra Bhat heard Mukhim’s plea  after the Meghalaya high court in November last year had dismissed her petition.

On July 3, 2020, Mukhim on her Facebook had written: “The attackers, allegedly tribal boys with masks on…should be immediately booked. This continued attack on non-tribals in Meghalaya whose ancestors have lived here for decades, some having come here since the British period is reprehensible to say the least.”

“Don’t they have their eyes and ears to the ground? Don’t they know the criminal elements in their jurisdiction? Should they not lead the charge and identify those murderous elements? This is the time to rise above community interests, caste and creed and call out for justice,” she had continued, questioning the “Dorbar (Council) Shnong” for not taking preventive action.

Lawsohtun headman Lurshai Shylla had alleged that Mukhim’s statement incited communal tension and might instigate conflict, and a first information report (FIR) was lodged. She was booked under Sections 153-A (promoting enmity between different groups on grounds of religion, race, place of birth, residence, language, etc), 500 (punishment for defamation) and 505 (statements conducing to public mischief) of the Indian Penal Code.

Also read: Meghalaya: Complaint Against Patricia Mukhim After Facebook Post on Violence Against Non-Tribals

Mukhim’s petition before the Supreme Court said that she is “facing persecution for speaking the truth and seeking enforcement of rule of law against perpetrators of hate crime, in the exercise of her fundamental right as guaranteed under Article 19 (1)(a) of the Constitution of India”.

Vrinda Grover, representing Mukhim, told the court that the intent of her Facebook post was to “appeal to impartial enforcement of the rule of law of rule of law; equal treatment before the law of all citizens; condemnation of targeted violence against members of a minority group; an end to impunity for violence and thereby ensure peace and harmony between communities and groups”.

The petition further said that offences under Section 500 and 505(c) of IPC, being non-cognisable, cannot be investigated and prosecuted vide registration of an FIR in view of the statutory bar against such prosecution.

In its strongly worded judgment, the Supreme Court said:

” A close scrutiny of the Facebook post would indicate that the agony of the Appellant was directed against the apathy shown by the Chief Minister of Meghalaya, the Director General of Police and the Dorbar Shnong of the area in not taking any action against the culprits who attacked the non-tribals youngsters. The Appellant referred to the attacks on nontribals in 1979. At the most, the Facebook post can be understood to highlight the discrimination against nontribals in the State of Meghalaya. However, the Appellant made it clear that criminal elements have no community and immediate action has to be taken against persons who had indulged in the brutal attack on non-tribal youngsters playing basketball. The Facebook post read in its entirety pleads for equality of non-tribals in the State of Meghalaya. In our understanding, there was no intention on the part of the Appellant to promote class/community hatred ….
“The complaint made by the Dorbar Shnong, Lawsohtun that the statement of the Appellant would incite communal tension and might instigate a communal conflict in the entire State is only a figment of imagination. The fervent plea made by the Appellant for protection of non-tribals living in the State of Meghalaya and for their equality cannot, by any stretch of imagination, be categorized as hate speech. It was a call for justice – for action according to law, which every citizen has a right to expect and articulate. Disapprobation of governmental inaction cannot be branded as an attempt to promote hatred between different communities. Free speech of the citizens of this country cannot be stifled by implicating them in criminal cases, unless such speech has the tendency to affect public order.

When Mukhim had moved the Meghalaya high court last year, it said her petition seeking FIR against her be quashed cannot be entertained as the investigation agency should be given a free hand to probe into the matter.

“In the event, the investigating agency is required to be given a free hand to investigate the matter and to come to its own conclusion in due process of law. Consequently, I find no merit in the instant petition for exercising powers under Section 482 CrPC. This petition is accordingly hereby rejected,” the Meghalaya high court had said on November 10.

Mukhim had hit out at the Lawsohtun village dorbar (council) on Facebook for failing to identify the “murderous elements” after five boys were attacked at a basketball court in July 2020.

Note: This story has been edited to add extracts from the Supreme Court’s order

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